Writing Clear Instructions

What are instructions?

Instructions tell someone how to do something, step by step. A recipe, the rules of a game, and how to build a model are all instructions. Good instructions are so clear that the reader can follow them without any help.

If even one step is missing or out of order, the whole thing can go wrong. So instructions must be clear and in the right order.

The parts of good instructions

1. A title Tell the reader what they will make or do.

How to Make a Jam Sandwich

2. What you need List the things, like a shopping list, so nothing is forgotten.

You will need: bread, butter, jam, a knife, a plate.

3. The steps Write each step in order and number them. Each step should be one clear action.

1. Take two slices of bread.
2. Spread butter on each slice.
3. Spread jam on one slice.
4. Press the two slices together.
5. Cut the sandwich in half and enjoy!

Use bossy verbs

Instructions start each step with a bossy verb (also called an imperative). A bossy verb tells the reader exactly what to do.

Bossy verbs you can use
Take, Put, Add, Mix, Cut, Stir, Pour, Press, Fold, Open

So instead of writing "You should maybe put the lid on," just write "Put on the lid." Short and clear!

Order words help too

Words that show order make instructions even easier to follow:

• First, Next, Then, After that, Finally.

First, get a bowl. Next, add the flour. Then, pour in the milk. Finally, stir it well.

Keep it short and simple

• One action for each step.
• No extra words you do not need.
• Use pictures or diagrams if they help.

Try it yourself

Write instructions for something you know how to do — brushing your teeth, feeding a pet, or drawing a cat. Then ask a friend to follow your steps exactly. If they succeed, your instructions are clear!

Reading instructions is just as useful as writing them. Practise with reading instructions and lists. When you write your steps, choosing strong verbs is easier if you know your action words.